Parallel Legacies:  Organizations and Collectives 

Shaped by Black Men of Measure

While the men featured on the BMM Predecessors page laid the foundation for Black skilled labor and civic participation, other groups, units, and organizations emerged from my father's generation to build systems, opportunities, and models for operating in a rapidly changing world. These collectives—composed of everyday Black men like my father—shaped their communities while demonstrating courage, technical expertise, and lasting impact.  They also embodied the restless drive of Black male Baby Boomers, creating opportunities that reflected their skill, vision, and determination.